Texas State law

Note on this entry

Class mapping: 2nd-degree felony = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000; 1st-degree felony = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: Class C = fine up to $500, no jail; Class B = up to 180 days, fine up to $2,000; Class A = up to 1 year, fine up to $4,000; 3rd-degree felony = 2–10 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation, victim-status subcategories beyond those listed.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Family / household / dating relationships are those described by Tex. Family Code §§ 71.0021(b), 71.003, and 71.005 (cross-referenced by § 25.11). Class mapping: Class A misdemeanour = up to 1 year, fine up to $4,000; 3rd-degree felony = 2–10 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation, protective-order proceedings.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Mechanism: in the trial of an offence under Penal Code Title 5 (offences against the person) or §§ 28.02 (arson), 28.03 (criminal mischief), 28.08 (graffiti) or 42.0601 (false report to induce emergency response), the judge must make an affirmative finding of fact, entered in the judgment, if the trier of fact determines beyond a reasonable doubt that the defendant intentionally selected the victim, or the victim's property damaged or affected, because of bias or prejudice against a group identified by race, color, disability, religion, national origin or ancestry, age, gender, or sexual preference, or by status as a peace officer or judge (art. 42.014(a)). 'Sexual preference' means a preference for heterosexuality, homosexuality, or bisexuality (art. 42.014(c)). The finding does NOT create a standalone offence and does NOT apply to offences outside that list (e.g. theft, robbery and burglary cannot carry the finding). Where the finding is made, § 12.47 raises the punishment to the next highest category (see tiers), except for first-degree felonies (no bump) and Class A misdemeanours (minimum confinement raised to 180 days instead). § 12.47 does not apply to injury to a disabled individual under § 22.04 where the finding shows the defendant selected the victim because the victim was disabled. The sentencing judge may also require attendance at a tolerance-and-acceptance educational program as a condition of punishment (art. 42.014(b)). The fine and imprisonment figures in the tiers below are the punishment ranges of the bumped-to category under Penal Code ch. 12 — § 12.47 sets no fine or term of its own. Art. 42.014 text read from the official Code of Criminal Procedure ch. 42 PDF (tcss.legis.texas.gov/resources/cr/pdf/cr.42.pdf). Cross-reference only: federal hate-crime offences (18 U.S.C. §§ 245, 249) are FEDERAL law, not this Texas entry.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Whether the trier of fact makes the art. 42.014 finding; priors; plea; judicial discretion; county variation; civil remedies; federal prosecution.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: state jail felony = 180 days–2 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree felony = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000; 1st-degree felony = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: 1st-degree felony = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree felony = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: state jail felony = 180 days–2 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000; 1st-degree = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation, repeat-offender enhancements.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: state jail felony = 180 days–2 years, fine up to $10,000; 3rd-degree = 2–10 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000; 1st-degree = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: 2nd-degree felony = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000; 1st-degree felony = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: Class C = fine up to $500, no jail; Class B = up to 180 days, fine up to $2,000; Class A = up to 1 year, fine up to $4,000; state jail felony = 180 days–2 years, fine up to $10,000; 3rd-degree = 2–10 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000; 1st-degree = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000. Under § 31.03(f) the offence category is raised by one level if the actor was a public servant, government contractor, or Medicare provider acting through that status, the owner was elderly or a nonprofit, or the conduct involved a fire-exit alarm, retail-theft detector, or shielding device.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation, value aggregation across a scheme.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: Class C = fine up to $500, no jail; Class B = up to 180 days, fine up to $2,000; Class A = up to 1 year, fine up to $4,000; state jail felony = 180 days–2 years, fine up to $10,000; 3rd-degree = 2–10 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000; 1st-degree = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000. The § 28.03(f) place-of-worship provision was not fully legible in the official text read and is not included.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation, graffiti (§ 28.08) not covered.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: Class B = up to 180 days, fine up to $2,000; Class A = up to 1 year, fine up to $4,000; state jail felony = 180 days–2 years, fine up to $10,000; 3rd-degree = 2–10 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000; 1st-degree = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000. Under § 32.21(e-2) the offence category is raised by one level if the victim was elderly (except the (e-1)(6) top tier).

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation, other fraud-specific statutes.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: Class A misdemeanour = up to 1 year, fine up to $4,000; Class B = up to 180 days, fine up to $2,000; state jail felony = 180 days–2 years, fine up to $10,000; 3rd-degree = 2–10 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000; 1st-degree = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000. Weights are aggregate weight including adulterants or dilutants.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation, overdose defence (§ 481.115(g) and analogues), drug-free-zone enhancements (§ 481.134).. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Covers manufacture, delivery, and possession with intent to deliver. Weights are aggregate weight including adulterants or dilutants. Class mapping: Class A misdemeanour = up to 1 year, fine up to $4,000; Class B = up to 180 days, fine up to $2,000; state jail felony = 180 days–2 years, fine up to $10,000; 3rd-degree = 2–10 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000; 1st-degree = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation, child-present enhancement (§ 481.1122), delivery to a child (§ 481.122, 2nd-degree felony), drug-free-zone enhancements (§ 481.134).. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: Class C = fine up to $500, no jail; Class A = up to 1 year, fine up to $4,000; state jail felony = 180 days–2 years, fine up to $10,000; 3rd-degree = 2–10 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation, federal firearms law.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

§ 71.02(b) rule: except as provided in subsections (c), (d) and (e), an offence under § 71.02 is ONE CATEGORY HIGHER than the most serious § 71.02(a) predicate offence committed (if the most serious predicate is a Class A misdemeanour, the offence is a state jail felony). Conspiracy to commit a § 71.02 offence is punished the same as the completed offence (§ 71.02(c), notwithstanding § 15.02(d)). Renunciation: if the defendant proves by a preponderance that in voluntary and complete renunciation he withdrew from the combination before commission of a § 71.02(a) offence and made substantial effort to prevent it, the offence is the same category as the most serious predicate (§ 71.02(d)); § 71.05 makes renunciation an affirmative defence and, on a mitigation finding, lowers punishment one grade. Deadly weapon: an offence punishable as a 2nd-degree felony or lower under § 71.02(b) is one additional category higher if the person used or exhibited a deadly weapon during one or more § 71.02(a) offences; if renunciation leaves the offence at Class A misdemeanour level, it becomes a state jail felony (§ 71.02(e)). § 71.02(a) was reenacted and amended twice in 2025 (SB 1646, eff. May 30, 2025; SB 20, eff. Sept. 1, 2025); the two versions print different predicate lists — the SB 1646 version includes possession-with-intent predicates (5-b)/(5-c) and § 28.03(b)(4)(E) or (l) and § 31.21(d) or § 31.22(e), while the SB 20 version omits (5-b)/(5-c), adds § 43.235, and limits the § 28.03 and § 31.21 predicates — so the applicable list depends on the offence date; the penalty subsections (b)–(e) are the same. Fine figures for the § 71.02(b) 1st-degree tiers are the general 1st-degree cap under § 12.32(b), which § 71.02 displaces only as to imprisonment; § 71.02(b)(1) (life without parole) states no fine. Cross-reference only: federal RICO is not this entry.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors and habitual-offender enhancements (ch. 12); plea; judicial discretion; county variation; whether the § 71.02(a) predicate list for the offence date is the SB 1646 or SB 20 version; forfeiture; federal prosecution.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Intoxicated = loss of the normal use of mental or physical faculties, or alcohol concentration of 0.08 or more. Class mapping: Class B = up to 180 days, fine up to $2,000; Class A = up to 1 year, fine up to $4,000; state jail felony = 180 days–2 years, fine up to $10,000; 3rd-degree = 2–10 years, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation, licence suspension, intoxication manslaughter (§ 49.08, 2nd-degree felony) and intoxication assault (§ 49.07, 3rd-degree felony) not covered by this entry.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.

Note on this entry

Class mapping: Class C = fine up to $500, no jail; Class B = up to 180 days, fine up to $2,000; Class A = up to 1 year, fine up to $4,000; state jail felony = 180 days–2 years, fine up to $10,000; 3rd-degree = 2–10 years, fine up to $10,000; 2nd-degree = 2–20 years, fine up to $10,000; 1st-degree = 5–99 years or life, fine up to $10,000.

Not legal advice. This range is the statutory penalty as written in the law — it is not “your sentence.” What is NOT accounted for here: Priors beyond tier, intent, plea, discretion, county variation, federal cybercrime law.. If you face a real charge, consult a licensed lawyer in the relevant jurisdiction.